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in a jet engine,which specific part generates thrust as the gases flow through and exit the engine?

That is sort of a difficult question. If I had to pick one specific part, I would choose the combustor, since that is where fuel is burned to add energy to the flow. Without that addition of energy, the rest of the components – fan, compressor, turbines, shafts, bearings, etc – stop doing what they do pretty quickly.

The hot section does two things: extracts energy from the flow to turn the compressors, and creates an orifice to exhaust to ambient conditions. The net thrust on the hot section is aft. If you cut the engine in half down the middle, the hot section will not suddenly move forward, it will be blown aft.

The compressor section compresses the air to provide high pressure for the cycle. The engine would not run without it. If there are fans in the compressor section, they provide some thrust in the form of bypass flow – like a ducted fan. The net thrust on the compressor / fan section is forward. If you cut the engine in half, the compressor section will take off in a forward direction. But it can’t turn without the shaft, which provides energy from the turbines in the hot section.

So the engine as a whole is what provides thrust. If you add and subtract all the different forward and aft differential loads within the engine itself, you come up with a net forward thrust that is provided to the engine mounts. The only thing that makes the whole thing function on a continuous basis is the addition of fuel, which is burned as a mixture in the combustor to provide the energy to keep the cycle going.

Jet engine made from junk parts at junkyardjet.com

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